1. As evidenced[1] by rapidly passing time,
2. human beings[2] are utter losers[3]
3. unless they believe in Islamic tenets, perform good deeds, and mutually promote Ĥaqq[4] and steadfastness among themselves.

Commentary

This Soorah starts with an oath and it has been explained[5] previously that oaths are used in the Qur-aan to present the elements and things which, if reflected upon, will help people grasp the reality of the statement that follows the oath. This Soorah presents the witness of fleeting time for our reflection.

Foot notes

[1] This translation is to give the real meaning of the literal translation: “By fleeting time.”
[2] The literal word used is ‘Man’ to represent the human species. Its use implies that the statement equally applies to an individual, a community, a nation or the whole human species.
[3] The word Khusr represents a situation where a businessman suffers such a great loss that it loses all or much of its invested capital and goes bankrupt.
[4] It is a comprehensive word that stands for Truth as well as the rightful claims of others on someone. There is no English equivalent that can convey both meanings.
[5] Please see Soorah At-Teen for details.