Allah says:

[وَلَوْ أَنَّ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ]

(And those who did wrong,) means, the idolators.

[مَّا فِى الاٌّرْضِ جَمِيعاً وَمِثْلَهُ مَعَهُ]

(if they had all that is in earth and therewith as much again,)

[لاَفْتَدَوْاْ بِهِ مِن سُوءِ الْعَذَابِ]

(they verily, would offer it to ransom themselves therewith from the evil torment;) means, that which Allah has decreed for them on the Day of Resurrection. But the ransom will not be accepted from them, even if it were to be an earth-full of gold as He mentioned elswhere (3:91). Then Allah says:

[وَبَدَا لَهُمْ مِّنَ اللَّهِ مَا لَمْ يَكُونُواْ يَحْتَسِبُونَ]

(and there will become apparent to them from Allah what they had not been reckoning.) which means, when they come to realize what Allah's punishment for them will be, which they had never before imagined.

[وَبَدَا لَهُمْ سَيِّئَاتُ مَا كَـسَبُواْ]

(And the evils of that which they earned will become apparent to them,) means, they will see the punishment for the forbidden actions and sins which they committed in this world.

[وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُواْ بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ]

(and that which they used to mock at will encircle them.) means, the punishment which they used to make fun of in this world will encompass them.

[فَإِذَا مَسَّ الإِنسَـنَ ضُرٌّ دَعَانَا ثُمَّ إِذَا خَوَّلْنَـهُ نِعْمَةً مِّنَّا قَالَ إِنَّمَآ أُوتِيتُهُ عَلَى عِلْمٍ بَلْ هِىَ فِتْنَةٌ وَلَـكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ - قَدْ قَالَهَا الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ فَمَآ أَغْنَى عَنْهُمْ مَّا كَانُواْ يَكْسِبُونَ - فَأَصَـبَهُمْ سَيِّئَاتُ مَا كَسَبُواْ وَالَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مِنْ هَـؤُلاَءِ سَيُصِيبُهُمْ سَيِّئَاتُ مَا كَسَبُواْ وَمَا هُمْ بِمُعْجِزِينَ - أَوَلَمْ يَعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْسُطُ الرِّزْقَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَقْدِرُ إِنَّ فِى ذَلِكَ لاّيَـتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُونَ ]

(49. When harm touches man, he calls to Us (for help); then when We have changed it into a favor from Us, he says: "Only because of knowledge I obtained it.'' Nay, it is only a trial, but most of them know not!) (50. Verily, those before them said it, yet (all) that they had earned availed them not.) (51. So, the evil results of that which they earned overtook them. And those who did wrong of these will also be overtaken by the evil results for that which they earned; and they will never be able to escape.) (52. Do they not know that Allah expands the provision for whom He wills, and straitens it. Verily, in this are signs for the folk who believe!)